A well-functioning septic system provides you and your family with safe wastewater management. The system consists of two primary parts, the septic tank and leach field. As a new homeowner, understanding how these components work can help you perform proper septic system maintenance. In the following guide, find out how the parts of a septic system interact.

First Chamber of the Septic Tank

When you flush the toilet or take a shower, all of the wastewater flows down smaller pipes to one main drainage pipe. It's then siphoned into the first chamber of the septic tank.

Solids settle to the bottom because of gravity. Bacteria inside the tank then break down this organic matter, eliminating possibly dangerous compounds.

If decomposition occurs too slowly, this sludge can build up, harden, and block pipes. Avoid this scenario by not putting items in your pipes that are difficult or impossible to break down, such as wet wipes, feminine hygiene products, and food waste.

Second Chamber of the Septic Tank

The second chamber of the septic tank system continues the work of the bacteria in the first chamber. Any remaining organic matter is broken down further.

Treated water is then siphoned through a T-shaped pipe into a distribution box. This box distributes the treated water into the leach field. 

Installing a septic aerator can boost the septic tank's bacterial decomposition speed and enhance efficiency, minimizing the need for septic system maintenance.

Leach Field

From the distribution box, the treated wastewater—called effluent—flows to the leach field. The leach field provides a larger area for bacteria to thrive, and its holes allow effluent to drain into the surrounding gravel. Bacteria in the gravel and soil complete the waste decomposition before clean water is released into the groundwater. 

An overloaded leach field can cause untreated sewage to flow into the groundwater. Avoid overloading your septic system if it’s raining outside; for example, don’t use washers or take baths.

For septic system maintenance and septic pumping on the Big Island, trust ABC Cesspool & Septic Pumping in Kamuela, HI. Established in 2005, they’ve served the area for over a decade. They know your family relies on a well-functioning septic system for your health, safety, and comfort, so they give each job the detailed attention it deserves. To schedule a service, call (808) 887-0766, or learn more about their services online.