Glaucoma is a common problem for seniors, particularly those with a family history, diabetes, heart disease, or high blood pressure. This condition can have lasting effects, but early intervention will help protect your eyesight. Here’s what to know to stay safe.

A Brief Guide to Glaucoma

What is it?

The eye produces a clear fluid called the aqueous humor. Excess amounts drain through the cornea and iris. Glaucoma occurs when these drainage points are blocked or don’t function because of age, a congenital disability, or an injury.

The built-up fluid creates pressure on the optic nerve that connects the eye and the brain, causing long-term nerve damage and impacting sight.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms can arise gradually or suddenly. A patient may first lose their peripheral vision and report eye pain. The pain can be severe and accompanied by blurred vision and halos around lights.

Not all forms of glaucoma have symptoms. Open-angle, the most common type of the condition, is only marked by a gradual loss of sight. 

How is it treated?

During an exam, your eye doctor will perform a visual acuity test to see how your vision is affected. They will then measure the pressure inside the eye and scan the retina and optic nerve with special tools.

If the professional determines you have glaucoma, initial treatment may focus on reducing pressure on the optic nerve with oral medication and prescription eye drops. In advanced cases, the doctor may recommend surgery or laser surgery to create a drainage flap in the eye. They may also implant a drainage valve as a long-term solution.

How can I prevent it?

Surgery can’t restore lost vision, so it’s important to start treating the condition early. Schedule annual eye exams and visit a professional immediately if you experience symptoms. The faster they can relieve the pressure, the less damage the area sustains.

Also, protect your eyes at all times. Wear safety gear during contact sports or when working with construction materials that create airborne debris. Exercise regularly to maintain a healthy heart and blood pressure levels.

Contact Medical Eye Associates, S.C., if you’re overdue for an eye exam. With offices in Waukesha, Mukwonago, Oconomowoc, and Wauwatosa, WI, these professionals help patients preserve their vision. They treat a variety of conditions with advanced surgery and laser procedures. Learn more about glaucoma on their website, or call (262) 547-3352 to schedule an appointment.