Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition in which the body has imbalanced hormones. It can affect various aspects of women’s health, from skin and weight to menstruation and fertility. Fortunately, a gynecologist can help. Here’s what you should know about PCOS and when to see a doctor. 

A Guide to PCOS 

Symptoms 

An imbalance in reproductive hormones causes PCOS. In a woman without PCOS, the ovaries produce and release an egg every month, unless the egg is fertilized, resulting in pregnancy. With PCOS, the egg may not develop as it should or may not be released. This can result in irregular periods. Your periods may be less than 21 days apart or occur no more than eight times a year.

You may also have trouble losing weight or experience unexplained weight gain. Other symptoms include excess facial hair, acne on the face and back, darkening skin under the breasts, and thinning hair. PCOS can also cause fatigue and painful periods. 

Diagnosis 

PCOS affects about one in 10 women, making it one of the most common women’s health concerns. A gynecologist will perform a thorough evaluation to rule out other conditions and determine if PCOS is the cause of your symptoms. This includes a physical exam, including an assessment of blood pressure, body mass index, waist size, and excess hair or acne. They may also check for an enlarged thyroid gland.

Your gynecologist may also perform a pelvic exam to check for signs of extra male hormones, such as an enlarged clitoris, or enlarged or swollen ovaries. A pelvic ultrasound may be used to check for ovarian cysts. A gynecologist can take blood tests to evaluate androgen hormone levels and check for issues such as thyroid disease or diabetes, which may have similar symptoms to PCOS. 

Issues 

PCOS can lead to a few health problems, including the development of ovarian cysts, or infertility. It is one of the leading causes of infertility in women. It can also increase the risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, sleep apnea, and unhealthy cholesterol.

Many women with PCOS also experience depression or anxiety. The condition can increase your risk of endometrial cancer as well. A gynecologist can help you understand your risks and take steps to prevent issues associated with PCOS. 

If you have symptoms of PCOS or other reproductive health concerns, turn to the trusted gynecological care team at Genessee Valley Obstetrics & Gynecology PC. Located in Rochester, NY, this OB-GYN practice provides comprehensive women’s health services in a compassionate, warm environment. Call (585) 232-3210 to speak with a helpful team member to schedule an appointment or visit the website to learn more about how they can help you.