How does water make its way from the ground to your well and, finally, to your home? The process is a lot more involved than you might think, especially if you’re unaware of the underground sources of water your well pulls from. Here are a few basics about the water table, as well as how well installation works. 

The Water Table, Groundwater, & the Unsaturated Zone

The water table is found between the soil surface and groundwater, where water saturates all spaces. Just above the water table is the unsaturated zone, where both oxygen and water can be found between rocks and sediment.

Conversely, the area where groundwater is found is known as the saturated zone. Even when the surface of soil seems dry, there is water brimming underneath. The shape of the water table is affected by the lay of the land, meaning the water table can bend and curve along with hills and valleys.

When the water table emerges from the surface, a natural spring will form. The volume of the water table, and of the underlying groundwater, changes with the season. Accordingly, the water table and groundwater are fuller during seasons with greater precipitation. 

How Water Wells Access Underground Water

For the well installation to be a success, equipment must be placed deep below the soil to reach the water table and groundwater. The well casing starts at the surface of the soil and extends down into the earth until it reaches groundwater.

Well caps are placed at the top of the casing to keep dirt and debris out, while the well casing filters sediment from the water flowing in. To get water out of the ground and into your home, you’ll need a pump.

The type of pump typically depends on how deep your well is. Jet pumps, which are used in wells less than 25 feet in depth, sit above the ground.  Submersible ones are installed within the well casing itself. 

While the above information is useful, you must still work with a skilled well installation technician for the best results. Serving residents of Cairo, GA, for more than five decades, Gainous Well Drilling ensures access to clean, fresh water. They perform a rigorous assessment of your property before getting started to ensure the best possible placement. In addition to well installation, they also offer well maintenance, cleaning, and inspection. See the full listing of services online or call (229) 377-7883 to learn more about getting a free estimate.