Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that can affect different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Some people experience inflammation in the colon, while others experience it in the last section of the small intestine. Here’s what you should know about the causes and symptoms of Crohn’s disease, as well as how a gastroenterologist can help.

Causes

Researchers have yet to determine the exact cause of Crohn’s. However, heredity seems to play a role, as you’re more likely to get the disease if your parent, sibling, or child has it.

Crohn’s can also signal problems with the immune system. When a foreign substance such as a virus or bacterium enters the body, a malfunctioning immune system may attack the foreign substance as well as the cells in the digestive tract. 

The disease is most common among people between the ages of 15 and 35. It’s also more prevalent in urban areas and northern climates, but the reasons why aren’t clear. 

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of Crohn’s disease include:

• Diarrhea
• Constipation 
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Abdominal pain 
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Blood in the stool
• Night sweats
• Inflammation of the eyes, joints, or skin

Treatment Options 

While Crohn’s disease has no known cure, gastroenterologists offer a few different treatment options that can significantly reduce symptoms and facilitate long-term remission. Many patients benefit from medications designed to suppress inflammation. Such medicines can reduce symptoms, extend remission, and help intestinal tissues heal. 

Some patients find relief by paying attention to their nutrition. Crohn’s can increase energy needs while decreasing appetite, and symptoms like diarrhea can prevent the body from absorbing enough nutrients. In particular, people experiencing a flareup often benefit from eating bland yet nutritious foods like bananas, white rice, and cooked vegetables.

If a patient doesn’t benefit from medication or nutrition changes, surgery can bring long-term remission. Patients will also need surgery if they develop severe complications such as a fissure, fistula, intestinal bleeding, or intestinal obstruction. The type of surgery performed depends on the patient’s specific needs, but the most common procedure involves removing the diseased portion of bowel and joining the surrounding nondiseased sections.

To find relief from Crohn’s disease, contact the team at Naugatuck Valley Gastroenterology Consultants. Based in Prospect, CT, these trusted gastroenterologists have served patients throughout New Haven County for 30 years. Using state-of-the-art technology, they’ll help you develop a personalized treatment plan to manage Crohn’s and live life to the fullest. Learn more about the team online, or call (203) 756-6422 to schedule an appointment.