While caring for a loved one who is experiencing dementia, you may notice a troublesome change in their behavior later in the day and evening. This state of confusion is known as sundowning and is common in mid- and late-stage dementia patients. While this type of condition can be difficult for a caregiver to manage, there are things you can do to help your loved one ease into the evening hours with less stress.

What Are the Common Signs & Symptoms?

Sundowning syndrome intensifies your loved one’s dementia symptoms and behaviors in the late afternoon. Signs of sundowning include:

• Increased anxiety, confusion, or agitation
• Ignoring your questions and directions
• Aggression
• Pacing and wandering
• Sleeplessness or waking confused or frightened in the night
• Inability to distinguish dreams from reality

Are There Specific Triggers?

It can be helpful for caregivers to keep track of the time of day and what is going on in the environment as you see your loved one’s behavior shift. As many as 20% of Alzheimer's patients experience sundowning behavior brought on by late-day triggers. Certain factors that can exacerbate sundowning include low lighting and increased shadows, a change in schedule or surroundings, overstimulation, fatigue, and sleep disruption.

What Are Some Methods for Managing Sundowning Behavior? 

Keeping a Familiar Schedule

Routine is comforting to someone with dementia. Keep a schedule with consistent times for waking, going to bed, and having meals. Bedtime rituals like brushing your loved one’s hair can also be comforting.

Use the Benefit of Light

The sun affects our natural circadian rhythm, which tells us when it’s time to be awake and asleep. Make sure there is a lot of light in your home in the morning and dim your lights gradually as the sun begins to set.

Participate in Activity That Promotes Healthy Sleep

Napping during the day can disrupt nighttime sleep. Large meals, caffeine, or sugar late in the day can also interfere with sleep. Try switching the lunch and dinner portion sizes, so less food is consumed before bed.

Stimulating activities like following along with a television show or reading a book can also cause stress for those with sundowning syndrome. Soft music, familiar photo albums, warm and cozy blankets, and time to cuddle with a pet can be soothing.

If you need help with a loved one suffering from dementia, the home health aides at Accessible Home Health Care in St. Louis, MO, are here to help. They’ve been in business for 20 years and have earned their clients’ trust with compassionate caregivers who have at least two years of experience with memory loss and companion care. Help your loved one live a full and comfortable life. Call them at (954) 341-5600 or visit their website to view a list of services offered.