Sunglasses aren’t just a fun fashion accessory. They’re also an essential way to protect your eyes from harmful UV rays. When most people think of sunburn, skin is the only image that comes to mind. However, eyes can be damaged in much the same way. Here’s a closer look at how eye sunburn occurs and how to avoid it.

An Introduction to Optical Sunburn

Photokeratitis

Photokeratitis, or sunburn of the eye, occurs when eyes are exposed to ultraviolet rays directly from the sun or reflected off sand, water, or snow. You may have this condition if you experience redness and swelling or blurred vision after spending hours outside. Swollen eyelids, a burning sensation, and light sensitivity are all indications of photokeratitis.

Long-term exposure can cause a pinguecula or pterygium, non-cancerous growths that can interrupt vision as they grow from the inner corner of the eye toward the pupil. This condition is also referred to as surfer's eye because it may happen to individuals who are frequently exposed to wind, sand, and waves.

Treatment

Most optical sunburn symptoms go away within a day or two. During this period, avoid rubbing your eyes and keep them moist with artificial tears to address dryness and reduce discomfort.

Consider staying inside and donning sunglasses to reduce light sensitivity and decrease the likelihood of further damage. Individuals with a pinguecula or pterygium may need surgery to remove growths that impede their vision.

Risk

Anyone can sunburn their eyes. However, individuals who work or play outside frequently have a higher risk of developing this issue. People who are regularly around snow or water are also more likely to have photokeratitis because these substances reflect UV rays, enhancing exposure. 

Prevention

Wear a hat and sunglasses whenever you go outdoors. Look for shades and snow goggles with 100% UV protection. Those at high risk of eye sunburn should wear larger, wraparound sunglasses or glacier glasses to prevent UV exposure from the sides. Follow these safety measures when it’s cloudy and sunny, too, as UV rays can pass through clouds.

If you’re concerned about eye health, visit Optics Eyewear in High Point, NC, for a checkup. The passionate team has served the area for over 50 years. Call the Lindsay Street location at (336) 884-5677 to schedule an appointment with an optician today. Visit the website for information on their extensive inventory of eyeglasses and sunglasses from top brands like Michael Kors® and Tory Burch®.