Gum disease is a bacterial infection that affects many people every year. Luckily, if caught early, the condition can be addressed with a single dental appointment. This is why it’s important to understand its different stages, also known as gingivitis and periodontitis. The following guide explains what you need to know to protect your oral health.

What Causes Gum Disease? 

Poor oral hygiene is the main reason gums become infected. Without daily brushing and flossing, bacteria-filled plaque can build up on the teeth. If bacteria aren’t removed, they eventually move below the gum line, leading to inflammation.

There are also several factors that increase the risk of gum disease, including smoking tobacco, diabetes, pregnancy, having misaligned teeth or broken fillings that allow food to accumulate, and a family history of the condition.

What Are the Differences Between Gingivitis & Periodontitis?

Catching gum disease early prevents it from progressing. Gingivitis is the initial stage, which occurs when the gums become inflamed. Common symptoms are red, swollen, sensitive, and bleeding gums. At this point, symptoms are reversible through improved oral hygiene. Dentists eliminate the infection with a deep-cleaning procedure known as scaling and root planing. Dentists may also prescribe antibiotics to fight the infection.

Left untreated, gingivitis turns into periodontitis. This is a much more serious infection that causes the gums to pull away from the teeth, creating pockets that give bacteria additional room to build up. This often causes increased sensitivity, pain when chewing, abscesses, and persistent bad breath. In advanced stages, bone and tooth loss can eventually occur. Treatment may require grafting surgery to address gum recession. 

Whether you experience symptoms of gum disease or want to take preventive action, turn to New Horizons Dental LLC in Wisconsin Rapids, WI. Serving Wood County, they’re committed to delivering high-quality dental care and educating patients on proper oral hygiene practices. Their team of experienced professionals is qualified to provide your entire family with personalized treatment plans that meet your unique needs. Call (715) 424-7810 to schedule an appointment, or visit them online to learn more about their services.