Despite its northern latitude, Upstate New York becomes hot and humid during the summer. Therefore, many homes rely on their air conditioning units to provide comfort. Although they are common, many people do not understand how AC systems work. Below is a brief introduction and an explanation of what can go wrong.

A Guide to Air Conditioning Units

Air conditioners essentially transport heat from indoors to outdoors. To collect the heat, they utilize a fluid called a refrigerant, which has an extremely low boiling point. In other words, it transforms from a liquid into a gas (or evaporates) at temperatures between 40 and 50 degrees. By contrast, water boils at 212 degrees.

When a fluid evaporates, it absorbs heat from any surface it's in contact with. This is why perspiration helps your skin feel cool. AC systems take advantage of this principle to cool the air.

The AC compressor pumps refrigerant through an evaporator coil, where it boils and absorbs heat from the metal of the coil. A fan blows air across the newly chilled coil and into your home.

The refrigerant is then pumped outside, where it enters a "condenser coil." Here, it transforms back into a liquid and releases the absorbed heat. Another fan blows across the heated condenser coil and vents the excess warmth outdoors. The cycle repeats, with heat constantly being absorbed from inside and transported outdoors to be vented. 

What Can Go Wrong With an Air Conditioning Unit?

AC systems are a closed loop. If yours springs a leak and loses refrigerant, it won’t effectively cool your home. If you notice the unit is blowing warm air, it could indicate a refrigerant leak. Another cause might be a faulty compressor, which pumps refrigerant through the system. 

Because overheating could be fatal to an air conditioner, it must be able to vent the heat it collects through its outdoor unit. If grass, leaves, debris, or other obstructions block the coil and prevent heat dissipation, it could cause a shutdown or serious damage to the unit. Check the condenser coil occasionally to ensure it can vent heat effectively.

If you need air conditioning unit repair or installation, call Rochester Heating & Cooling, an experienced HVAC contractor in Spencerport, NY. They have served Monroe County and the Greater Rochester area since 2003. They specialize in furnace repair, air conditioner service, and duct cleaning. Learn more about how they can help on their website or call (585) 458-3700 to schedule an appointment.