Periodontal disease is an advanced bacterial infection in the gums. The earliest phase of gum disease is known as gingivitis, which can progress into periodontitis if it isn’t treated through a vigorous daily oral care routine and professional intervention, such as periodontal therapy. Unfortunately, roughly 50% of Americans age 30 and over have some form of periodontal disease. Discover more about what the condition entails and what you can do to prevent and manage it.

What Causes It?

When bacteria gather on the gums, plaque builds up and then hardens into tartar, which spreads across the gum line. Though flossing once a day can help prevent this buildup, only a professional cleaning can eradicate this hard substance.

In the meantime, the bacteria will continue to affect the gums, leading to inflammation, which can spread over time. Poor dental hygiene can lead to the development of plaque, but factors such as smoking, diabetes, immunodeficiencies, and dry mouth can also increase the risk of periodontal disease. 

What Are the Symptoms?

The inflammation associated with periodontal disease can cause redness and swelling along the gum line. Patients also notice symptoms such as tenderness and bleeding, persistent bad breath, painful chewing, and sensitivity. In its more advanced stages, the condition can also cause receding gums and loose teeth as it spreads to the other structures of the mouth. Eventually, tooth loss will begin to occur.

How Is It Treated?

In the early stage, gingivitis can often be addressed with improved home care, such as brushing twice a day and flossing daily, as well as visiting the dentist at frequent intervals for professional cleanings. If the condition progresses, however, periodontal therapy may be needed.

Techniques may include scaling and root planing, which are deep cleaning methods used to eradicate plaque beneath the gum line and prepare the gums for healing and reattachment. If this is unsuccessful, periodontal therapy may also incorporate surgical interventions, such as gum grafting.

Whether you think you might be at risk for periodontal disease or you’re simply due for a routine cleaning, turn to Judy Walker, DDS for all your dental care needs. This Greensboro, NC, dentist has more than 25 years of experience and offers everything from preventive care to restorative dentistry, including periodontal therapy. Find out more about the office’s services online or call (336) 275-1472 to schedule an appointment.