Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system and causes lymphocytes (white blood cells) to grow out of control and possibly spread to various parts of the body. Diagnosis of this particular type of lymphoma is made due to the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, a type of abnormal lymphocyte. The following guide provides an overview of Hodgkin to keep you and your loved ones informed.

What Are the Types of Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL)

There are 4 types of cHL. 95% of diagnoses fall within this category.

Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma is the most common subtype, affecting 80% of those diagnosed. To diagnose this, an oncologist will look for bands of connective tissue in the lymph nodes, most commonly in the center of the chest (mediastinum).

Lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma affects 6% of those diagnosed with cHL. It’s most common in men. The lymph node tissues of a person with this subtype will have Reed-Sternberg cells but also plenty of normal lymphocytes.

Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma is most common in older adults. It might begin in the abdomen and contains varying cell types, including many Reed-Sternberg cells. 

Finally, lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin lymphoma affects around 1% of those with cHL. It’s most common in older adults, people with HIV, and those residing in non-industrialized countries. With this subtype, the lymph nodes will be dominated by Reed-Sternberg cells. 

Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

The final 5% of diagnoses fall within this category. It is most common in young people and tends to develop in the neck, groin, or armpit. People with this type of cHL have large cells commonly known as “popcorn cells”; these contain a protein called CD20, which is also found in those with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 

How Is Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated?

Nowadays, most cancer treatment plans are focused on curing patients while also avoiding long-term side effects. The majority of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma receive chemotherapy. Other common types of treatment include immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and bone marrow/stem cell transplantation. An oncologist will base treatment recommendations on the type and stage of lymphoma, side effects, results of regular PET-CT scans, and the patient’s preferences. 

What Are the Risk Factors? 

A few factors can increase a patient’s risk of Hodgkin lymphoma. Age is one important factor—the disease is most often diagnosed in people between the ages of 15 and 30 or those over 55.

Overall, men are more likely to develop the disease than women. Additionally, those with a family history of the disease are at an increased risk. 

For effective and compassionate cancer care, turn to Alaska Oncology and Hematology, LLC in Anchorage. They provide patients with information every step of the way and are happy to answer questions about the best treatment option available. They believe that providing the best care is about listening to patients and tailoring treatment to their needs. If you’re looking for respectful, compassionate, and effective care, call (907) 279-3155. Visit them online to read about their range of treatments.