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As people age, they are more likely to experience eye issues like glaucoma and cataracts. It’s helpful to understand these conditions so that you can get the tests and treatment you need to protect your eyes. Below is a guide to these eye health issues and what to expect.

Glaucoma 

Glaucoma is the second-leading cause of blindness. This term encompasses several types of the disease, all of which cause vision loss. Primary open-angle glaucoma is the most prevalent and occurs when fluid pressure slowly builds up in the eye, and clogged drainage damages the optic nerve. Vision loss is peripheral at first, making it difficult to notice until the disease has progressed. 

Acute angle-closure glaucoma occurs when the eye pressure significantly increases in a short period and may produce migraine-like symptoms such as severe head and eye pain. 

Glaucoma tests include measuring eye pressure, examining the optic nerve, and assessing the angle of eye drainage. Some eye doctors measure cornea thickness, and others use computer measurements to analyze the optic nerve. 

Individuals who have diabetes and those with a family history of glaucoma have a heightened risk of developing the disease. People who have chronic eye inflammation or take medications that increase eye pressure may also be more likely to have glaucoma. There are no treatments for either of these types of the disease, so getting regular eye exams is critical in diagnosing these issues. 

Cataracts

glaucomaCataracts cause the clear lens of the eye to go cloudy as proteins break down, which prevents clear vision. These cells may die off and group, making the person's vision blurry. Individuals with the condition may struggle to see at night, experience a yellow tint, or see double. 

People who are 40-years-old and over are more likely to have cataracts as their eyes age, and their lens proteins disintegrate. Many people experience noticeable differences after age 60, including symptoms that affect their vision.

You are at a higher risk of having cataracts if you have immediate family members with the disease or if you have diabetes. Individuals who have had radiation on their upper body or have undergone eye surgery are also more likely to have cataracts. Using some medications like corticosteroids can also affect your chances.

Eye doctors test for cataracts by using a slit lamp microscope to assess the lens and outer eye. They may also use a solution to dilate the pupils and asses the retina and optic nerve at the back of the eye.

To prevent cataracts, wear UV protection to safeguard your eyes from sunlight that can break down lens proteins. Wear regular eyeglasses that offer anti-UV coating and sunglasses when you are outside. 

 

If you’re concerned about cataracts or glaucoma, visit Dr. Ron Sealock in Houston County, AL, for testing. The optometry center focuses on promoting eye health through innovative diagnostics and eye care services. Visit the Dothan-area company at (334) 793-9607 or check out the website for information on their affordable eyewear solutions and helpful financing plans. 

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