When you need auto repair, it’s smart to know how your vehicle’s components work. One commonly misunderstood component is the steering wheel system. When it comes to your car’s steering system, most drivers’ knowledge ends where the steering column disappears behind the dash. There are two ways the steering column connects to your car’s frontend. Below is the rundown on what you should know about how these systems work.

Steering System Basics

Rack-and-Pinion System

This type of system has a steering column ending in a gear or pinion mounted in a rack, which is a cross member with a row of teeth that interlock with the teeth of the pinion.

Turning the steering wheel rotates the pinion and moves the rack back and forth. The rack is attached to the wheel assembly to either side by a steering arm that turns both wheels as it moves. These are very precise steering systems.

Steering-Box

In this case, the steering column ends in a worm gear. A worm gear is a threaded rod, similar to a bolt or an auger bit. There are some variations, but the worm gear turns with the steering column, a moving part, and either a partial or sector gear. A roller or a nut will move along the threading as the worm gear rotates.

This moving part is connected to a drop arm, which is connected to a steering arm linking both wheels. As with the moving parts inside the steering box, the exact layout of the steering arm varies among different makes and models. These systems have more moving parts, so they are not as precise.

Power Steering

In addition to these two system designs, you also usually have a power steering system. Practically all modern vehicles have some form of power steering. Typically, this system involves a hydraulic pump connected to the rack or steering box, which forces oil into the cylinder and operates a piston that pushes the steering to either direction. This makes it easier to turn.

Maintenance

Both systems are designed to handle long-term wear, as the moving parts turning the vehicle are manipulating a lot of weight. However, impacts and running over curbs and potholes can potentially bend the rods or other internal components. If the steering system becomes clunky or resistant, it’s a sign you need to seek auto repair immediately.

If you think your steering system is damaged or getting worn, call the auto repair professionals at Griff’s Auto Service. With full-service repair and towing, they’ve been keeping cars running in Rochester, NY, for over 30 years. Schedule an appointment by calling (585) 227-8700 or visit their website for more information.