If a loved one has ever become confused or anxious in the late afternoon or nighttime, they may have sundown syndrome. This common condition, often linked with dementia and Alzheimer's disease, can make it difficult or nervewracking to sleep, affecting cognitive ability and general mood. Before contacting a dementia care facility, learn more about the condition and how to manage it below.

Common Questions About Sundown Syndrome

Is sundown syndrome a disease?

Sundown syndrome, also known as sundowner's syndrome or sundowning, is not a disease but a group of behaviors. It's often seen in seniors, especially those with dementia, as the day becomes night. Some patients only experience sundown syndrome for an hour or two, but others experience it for many hours, staying up all night and feeling sleepy during the day.

What causes it?

Dementia care researchers aren't sure exactly what causes sundown syndrome. However, Alzheimer's-related brain changes can lead to confused sleep-wake cycles, which may cause sundowning. Also, some seniors show signs of sundown syndrome when dealing with factors such as:

• Fatigue or illness
• Sleep problems
• Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Depression
• Low or dim lighting
• Increasing shadows
• Trouble separating reality from dreams
• Disruption of a daily schedule

What are the symptoms?

The most common symptoms of sundown syndrome are mood swings, anxiety, agitation, and confusion. These may also lead to restlessness, pacing, and wandering at night, which affects sleeping patterns. Finally, a lack of sleep can result in hallucinations and delusions.

How can you manage the condition?

Patients and caregivers can manage sundown syndrome by implementing a predictable daily schedule that includes exposure to natural daylight to help separate daytime and nighttime. You can also increase sleepiness at night by limiting daytime napping and cutting out caffeine and sugar, especially after morning. Additionally, to decrease anxiety in the evening, turn off the TV to reduce stimulation, play calming music or sounds, and place a night light in your loved one's bedroom.

Finally, while you should remain calm and reassuring when a senior is experiencing sundown syndrome, you should also lock doors and windows, block the stairs with a gate, and  put away kitchen tools and other dangerous items to keep your loved one safe should he or she wander about the home.

If you or a loved one has sundown syndrome, turn to the compassionate dementia care team at Bethany St Joseph Corporation. For more than 40 years, their skilled care facilities, assisted living facilities, and adult day care centers have provided peace of mind to families throughout the Coulee Region in western Wisconsin. At their Medicare and Medicaid-certified living facilities, seniors can enjoy private rooms, social opportunities, and 24/7 care from gentle, experienced staff. Also, their adult day care centers allow seniors and people with disabilities to enjoy a safe, enriching social environment with entertainment, exercise, and seasonal outings. Learn more about their services online, and call (608) 788-5700 or 608-783-1516 to schedule a tour.