This time of year, many people schedule appointments with their primary care physicians to treat the flu or a cold. While some symptoms overlap, being able to tell the difference between these two common ailments will help you get timely and appropriate care. Here are a few of the basics about the flu and common colds so you can make the distinction. 

Flu

Symptoms of the flu can be mild, or they can be severe enough to warrant hospitalization. Mild common symptoms include fever, sore throat, muscle aches, fatigue, cough, and congestion. Vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea can also occur.

The flu is also linked to more serious complications. Some people develop pneumonia, while others experience inflammation of the heart and brain, exacerbated asthma, and sinus infections. People who most likely experience complications are those over 65, young children, pregnant women, and people with chronic health conditions, as their immune systems may not be strong enough to fight off the illness.

Cold 

While colds also cause symptoms like runny nose, sore throat, cough, and congestion, it’s less likely to cause a fever, except in children. Cold symptoms usually last about a week, and in most cases, rest is recommended as the best course of treatment.

Prevention

If you’re sick, the best step you can take is to stay home. Colds and flu germs can be passed from one person to another through infected droplets of water, such as by sneezing, coughing, or even just talking. To avoid getting sick yourself, be sure to wash your hands frequently after touching communal objects, such as doorknobs and bathroom faucets.

It’s also wise to sanitize your belongings, both at work and at home. Phones, keyboards, and desks typically contain massive amounts of germs. Wipe them down with antibacterial wipes at least once a week. Avoid touching your face to prevent illness, and always have tissues at your desk to sneeze into them and prevent spreading any illness.