Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, or ICSI, is a process that helps sperm fertilize an egg. Since it involves injecting sperm directly into an egg, ICSI is most often utilized by couples experiencing male fertility issues. Learn more about this in vitro method with the following frequently asked questions.

A Breakdown of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

What happens during ICSI?

A tiny, hollow needle picks up a single sperm, then inserts it into a mature egg. The injection first penetrates the outer layer of the egg, then deposits sperm in the inner portion, called the cytoplasm. 

The in vitro specialist will monitor the eggs, and, the next day, they’ll see if fertilization has taken. If successful, the fertilized egg, now an embryo, will grow in the lab for anywhere from one to five days. Finally, it will be placed in the woman's womb.

Who should try ICSI?

Most people who try ICSI have some type of male fertility challenge, which can include decreased sperm production, sperm that moves abnormally, or sperm that can’t attach to the outside of an egg. ICSI can also be helpful if a man has a blockage that prevents his sperm from moving freely.

But lower-quality sperm is not the only conception barrier that can benefit from ICSI; it’s also an option when other in vitro fertilization methods have failed or when previously frozen eggs are being used.

What are the chances of success?

Because every body is different, it's hard to guarantee a specific outcome for any in vitro process. But the numbers for ICSI success are encouraging. Some estimates suggest that as many as 80% of all cases result in fertilization.

How is the sperm collected?

In many cases, the sperm can be retrieved through a normal ejaculate sample. For men who have had a vasectomy, a reversal of the procedure will first need to be performed to restore fertility.

If the procedure is unsuccessful or the man cannot have it performed, needle aspiration or the use of microsurgical tools may be able to retrieve sperm directly from the body.

If you're considering ICSI or any other infertility treatment, let the caring professionals at Pacific In Vitro Fertilization Institute help. Since 1985, they’ve served patients throughout the Honolulu, HI, area with tailored fertility solutions. Call (808) 946-2226 to schedule an appointment, or visit them online to view their full list of services.