Pet owners tend to assume that larger breeds encounter the most health problems, but small dogs experience their fair share of risks as well. No matter your dog’s size or breed, you should always schedule regular checkups with your veterinarian and report any troubling changes in your pet’s appearance or behavior. Here are the most common health issues to watch for in small dogs.

5 Health Risks Small Dogs Frequently Face

1. Pancreatitis

Inflammation of the pancreas, known as pancreatitis, is a rapidly progressing illness that can lead to severe organ damage if left untreated. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, fever, loss of appetite, dehydration, difficulty breathing, depression, and fatigue.

Pancreatitis can affect any breed but is most common in miniature poodles, miniature schnauzers, and cocker spaniels.

2. Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease

This disease is caused by the deterioration of the mitral valve in the heart. Some dogs may not show signs of illness, but over time, severe cases can result in congestive heart failure.

Small breeds are predisposed to degenerative mitral valve disease, and the risk of development increases with age.

3. Patellar Luxation

Just as larger dogs are prone to back problems, small breeds often have knee issues. According to the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, patellar luxation, or a dislocated kneecap, is one of the most common orthopedic conditions in dogs. 

Dogs with patellar luxation may avoid walking on the affected leg or hold the limb in a locked position. Most dogs will recover on their own, but a prescription from the veterinarian can help ease the pain. Severe dislocations may require surgery.

4. Tracheal Collapse

Smaller breeds, particularly those with small, flat muzzles, are at high risk for breathing problems. Tracheal collapse is a chronic and progressive disease most commonly occurring in small dogs middle-aged or older.

Dogs experiencing tracheal collapse may exhibit harsh coughing, wheezing, fainting, or trouble breathing. Treatment generally includes either weight loss and medication or surgical intervention.

5. Intervertebral Disk Disease

In intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), the cushioning discs between vertebrae slip or herniate into the spinal cord. This causes them to press onto the nerves throughout the spinal cord, resulting in nerve damage, pain, and sometimes paralysis.

Signs of IVDD include neck or back muscle spasms, incontinence, hunched back or tensed neck, weakness in rear legs, refusal to jump, and decreased appetite or activity levels. Basset hounds, beagles, dachshunds, and Shih Tzus are a few of the breeds predisposed to IVDD.

If you suspect your dog is sick or in pain, bring them to Lillian Veterinary Hospital. Serving the Baldwin County, AL, area, this pet clinic provides comprehensive health services that will keep your companion in good health. Dr. Susan Wells and her experienced staff take pride in their commitment to offering the latest in veterinary medicine and technology, from pet laser surgery and radiology to dental care and flea prevention. For more information about their services, visit them online. Call (251) 962-2304 to schedule an appointment with a veterinarian.