Septic systems are designed to last for years with little more than routine maintenance and upkeep. Even so, they can sometimes emit odors that are unpleasant at best and downright offensive at worst. When these scents make their way into your home, the whole environment will quickly become an uncomfortable one to be in. With this quick overview, get to know how septic systems work, what causes sewage odors, and what you can do about them.

How Septic Systems Work

A septic system collects wastewater and distributes it into three layers inside a tank. The top layer, known as the scum, is comprised of the lightest materials in the water. The bottom layer of sludge is where the heavier waste sinks. In between is effluent.

The system treats the waste with chemicals to break it down and channels the old wastewater out to the drainage field when new wastewater enters the tank.

What Causes Sewage Odors

The primary cause of sewage odors is a blockage or clog in the pipes leading to the tank. This is usually the result of something other than waste or toilet paper being flushed down the toilet drain. A buildup of frost or ice can also create a blockage in a septic pipe, though this is less common in the South.

When the pipe is clogged, water—and the waste in it—will back up closer and closer to the toilet, with the odor growing stronger at every step.

A lack of septic system maintenance can also cause sewage smells in the home. Failing to have the tank pumped on a regular basis will lead to a system that’s overburdened with waste, and the accompanying odors will carry back to the house.

Blocked vents are a possibility as well. Clear, open vents are essential for the escape of noxious waste gases. Landscaping or home improvement projects might unknowingly block a vent and make gases and odors accumulate in the tank and pipes.

What to Do About It

The exact remedy to septic smells will depend on the cause, but the first step is a septic inspection. An inspection will tell you where the odor is coming from and whether it’s an issue with the septic tank or the plumbing.

Possible solutions include a comprehensive tank pumping, cleaning of the pipes, replacing any broken or worn-down parts. The chemical components, location, and amount of accumulated wastewater will be assessed in order to get to the bottom of the issue. 

For septic system inspections and repairs in Jackson County, GA, trust Akins Plumbing & Septic. They have more than 30 years of experience providing both septic and plumbing services to area homes and businesses. They have you covered in case of emergency, too, by being available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Call (770) 339-8359 or visit their website to schedule service.