The safe and efficient removal of household waste relies on a properly working septic system. Clogs and drainage problems can lead to hazardous outcomes and potentially costly repairs by your plumber. Here is a guide to the main components that make up a septic system and what issues may cause them to malfunction to avoid these issues.

3 Main Parts of a Septic System

1. Septic Tank

This watertight tank is typically constructed with fiberglass, plastic, or concrete materials and serves as the key receptacle for waste. It breaks down grease and other solids using safe bacteria sources before converting to liquid and gas forms. Once the decomposition takes place, the waste is flushed out to the drain field.

Septic tanks can become clogged with non-biodegradable items or damaged by tree roots. If your tank is overflowing or leaking — recognizable by lush, over-fertilized surrounding land — you’ll need a plumber’s repair service to prevent permanent damage. 

2. Drain Field

Also known as the leach or absorption field, the drain field is configured to channel liquid waste away from the septic tank. The network of perforated plumbing is typically buried at least two feet underground so that waste drains and evaporates on nearby gravel.

Plumbers will typically install the drain field in an open area away from trees and roof gutters. Like the septic tank, the drain field may become saturated with water or roots if placed next to these settings, which can prevent the structure from properly channeling waste away. 

3. Distribution Box

The role of this component is to distribute wastewater evenly into the drain field from the septic tank. This process is another key part of the safe elimination of household waste. The device is typically made with concrete or plastic and contains openings that allow the wastewater to sift through to the drain field.

Over time, distribution boxes can wear down due to inclement weather, such as ice and flood conditions. If the unit shuts down, it will cause a sewage backup. 

American Rooter Sewer & Septic Service in Albany, OR, is the trusted company that home and business owners call on for top-quality installation, maintenance, and repairs. The licensed and insured team of professional plumbers has extensive experience working on a variety of septic systems. If you need their expert care, call (541) 926-1185 for an inspection and estimate. Visit the website for details on their full suite of services.