An underbite is a malocclusion in which the lower teeth extend in front of the upper teeth. Underbites not only affect physical appearance but also cause issues with chewing, speaking, and maintaining a healthy smile. Thankfully, both orthodontic appliances and jaw surgery can correct the alignment of the teeth permanently. If you or one of your children has an underbite, here's what you should know about this malocclusion.

What Causes Underbites?

Several factors can contribute to a malocclusion like an underbite, but the most common is genetics. The condition is usually inherited and present at birth.

However, some individuals develop an underbite over time. For example, if you break your jawbone, it may not resume its proper alignment following the jaw surgery. Likewise, childhood habits like thumb sucking or using a pacifier beyond the age of 3 can affect jaw alignment.

What Kinds of Issues Do Underbites Pose?

Living with a minor underbite may not pose many challenges, but if the lower teeth jut out far enough that there's a substantial gap, it can cause issues. Those with drastic underbites may have difficulty eating and enunciating. They’re also vulnerable to chronic joint pain, headaches, earaches, and breathing difficulties like sleep apnea. If their teeth are constantly scraping together, it will wear down their enamel until cavities are essentially inevitable.

How Are Underbites Corrected?

There are two primary ways to correct an underbite. If the issue is fairly minor or the patient is relatively young, various orthodontic appliances may be able to move the teeth into their proper alignment. Examples include upper jaw expanders and headgear.

For adult patients or those with severe underbites, jaw surgery may be necessary. During the procedure, the oral surgeon will separate the rear jawbone from the front one and modify it so the lower jaw can be repositioned farther back. Thanks to advancements in oral surgery, this procedure is relatively straightforward, and most patients are well on their way to recovery within six weeks.

If you have an underbite and want to explore treatment options, turn to Oral Surgery Associates of Alaska. Located in Anchorage, this practice specializes in performing oral and maxillofacial procedures, from wisdom teeth extraction to dental implant insertion. To learn more about their experienced, board-certified providers, visit their website. To schedule a consultation for jaw surgery, call (907) 561-1430.