An AC motor generates energy from alternating currents, providing more power than a simple direct current (DC) motor. AC designs are used for applications that have greater power demands, such as HVAC electric motors, ovens, and lawn equipment. Below is an introduction to how AC motors work and why they're ideally suited to larger items that have increased energy requirements.

Components

First, it can be helpful to understand the two main components of an AC motor. There is the outer drum, or stator, which remains stationary; inside the stator is a coil or similar metal part that conducts electricity. Equally important is the rotor, the inner part of the unit that rotates and powers the motor shaft. Both of these components create magnetic fields, which rotate and drive the motor's power.

The Process

There are two types of AC motors, synchronous and induction. In a synchronous motor, the rotor rotates at the same speed as the magnetic field. The synchronous motor's magnetic field is powered by currents delivered by sliprings, or permanent magnets. Synchronous motors tend to operate faster than induction motors. Electric clocks and appliance timers are two examples of everyday items that utilize synchronous motors.

In an induction motor, the rotor is powered by the rotation of the stator's magnetic field, resulting in the rotor turning slower than the field. The motor depends on this tiny difference in speed to induce the rotor current in the AC winding. Induction designs are typically employed in HVAC electric motors, household appliances, exhaust fans, and construction equipment like cranes, lifts, and hoists.

Why Large Items Need AC Motors

Larger electrical items like HVAC electric motors require more energy to function, making them a good match for AC motors. DC-driven energy is weaker and cannot travel long distances, while AC energy maintains its strength and can be transmitted significantly further. Also, to produce energy, an AC circuit only needs a transformer, such as a generator or power main, to function, while DC energy needs complex circuitry.

A-1 Electric Motor Service has been serving the Greater Cincinnati Tri-State area since 1961. They offer electric motor, machining, and winding services, as well as a range of electric motor accessories. They work on a diverse assortment of equipment, including HVAC electric motors and heat and pool pumps. Call (859) 291-1351 or visit them online to schedule service today.