Periodontal disease, more commonly called gum disease, is a condition affecting your gums and the roots of your teeth. When left unchecked, it can result in significant deterioration of your teeth and even tooth loss. Here's what you should know about the condition and how to prevent it.

Causes of Gum Disease

Gum disease is an infection of your gums. When your teeth aren't cleaned properly on a daily basis, bacteria start to build up along your gumline. They form sticky plaque, which in time hardens into tartar. Dental tartar can't be removed with a toothbrush; it provides a haven for the bacteria, irritating your gums. As your gums become damaged, they recede, exposing more of the roots to bacteria, which makes the gums retreat farther.

Types of Gum Disease

Gingivitis

The earliest stage of periodontal disease is gingivitis. At this stage, the gums are inflamed and sore but haven't started to recede yet. They may bleed, especially while you’re flossing or if pressure is applied in other ways, and they will be sensitive. Gingivitis is reversible with good dental hygiene and thorough cleanings to remove tartar at your regularly scheduled dental exams.

Periodontitis

This is the more advanced stage of periodontal disease. Here, the gum tissue pulls away from the roots, forming pockets under the gums where bacteria can hide. You'll need frequent, deep cleaning from your dentist to manage the condition, and may need other treatments like gum grafts to reverse the damage. If periodontitis is left untreated, the roots can weaken, the bone socket can deteriorate, and the tooth may eventually fall out.

Prevention Techniques

Thorough dental hygiene is the foundation of gum disease prevention. It should be backed up by frequent dental exams. Your dentist can help you identify any problem areas and remove tartar that has formed. You should also avoid habits which can irritate the gums and make them more vulnerable, like nail-biting and smoking.

If you're concerned about gum disease, visit Fielden Family Dentistry in High Point, NC. Serving Guilford County patients for almost 40 years, they offer caring and compassionate treatment, building long-term relationships with every patient. To schedule an appointment, call (336) 889-2434 or send them a message online.