Your car is equipped with a complex system to convert the energy of burning fuel into the power that turns your wheels. As the last stop between the engine and the wheels, the differentials play a crucial role. However, many drivers aren’t very familiar with these components and may be unaware of how they work. The commonly asked questions below offer more insight into differentials.

FAQ About Your Car’s Differentials

What do they do?

Differentials have several key functions—they help direct power to the wheels, reducing the torque of the transmission before it turns the tires. It also helps your car maintain power while turning, as the wheels are moving at different speeds. That’s why they’re called differentials—the differential speeds they allow making turning easier.

Why do differential speeds matter?

As you turn your car, the tires must travel at different speeds for a smooth turn. The outer wheel will cover more distance, and must spin faster. If both wheels are spinning at the same speed, one of the tires would be forced to slip or skid. In turn, this would strain the axle and put a lot of stress on tire tread.

What types of differentials are there?

The most common type is an open differential, which is designed only to allow different wheel speeds. This style is well-suited to most driving situations but may cause slippage on ice or gravel. A limited-slip option is usually found in race cars, sports models, and some performance vehicles—they allow hard, sharp turns. A locked differential forces both wheels to spin at the same speed, even in low-traction situations, which is helpful for off-road vehicles and heavy equipment.

What are signs that my differential is failing?

While differentials are usually a low-maintenance part, they may wear over time and require maintenance. If you notice a rattling noise from the rear of the car when you’re idling, the problem may be caused by worn drive shaft joints. Excess grinding or vibration from the drive shaft as you accelerate may also be caused by a failing differential.

If you think your car’s differential needs service, or you have other transmission issues, visit Friendly Transmission Service Inc in High Point, NC. For over 30 years, this family-owned and -operated business has offered affordable transmission repairs and rebuilds. To learn more about their services, visit their website or call (336) 882-1164.