Most people have to deal with acne as adolescents, but look forward to it ending as they get past the teenage years. For many, however, acne can persist or re-occur in adulthood. Learn about the causes and skin care and prevention tips in the guide below.

Causes of Adult Acne

Adult acne can occur in the twenties to forties and beyond and is more common in women than men. The body produces hormones in response to stress, and these hormones stimulate the oil glands in the skin, causing breakouts on the face, back, neck, or chest. For women, the fluctuation of hormones around menstruation, ovulation, pregnancy, and menopause may cause acne.

Many skin care products clog pores, which can cause acne. Use those that are oil-free, non-acnegenic, and non-comedogenic, including hair care and sunscreen products. Also. make sure your skin care routine is consistent, and cleanse regularly, especially if you wear makeup.

Medications such as barbiturates, corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, androgenic steroids, or DHEA can cause acne as a side effect. For women, starting or stopping birth control pills may cause acne. If you notice an onset of acne after taking a new medication, talk to your doctor or look online for the medication’s known side effects. If a change in medicine isn’t possible, ask for a referral to a dermatologist to control the acne.

Prevention & Management

Many over-the-counter and prescription medications treat acne. Creams with benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or alpha hydroxy acid are easy to obtain at a drugstore. Retinoids that help unblock hair follicles can be ordered by prescription. Antibiotics, androgen blockers, and low-dose birth control pills may be prescribed as well. 

To help prevent acne, keep your face clean with oil-free skin care products, and avoid touching your face with your hands. Oily hair should be kept off the face and neck and cleansed regularly. Avoid heavy cosmetics that contribute to clogged pores and oily skin.

Dehydration can make skin appear red and irritated and prompt the body to produce more oil. Drink approximately eight glasses of water a day or more if exercising or spending time in the heat. Also, avoid junk foods, sugar, and high glycemic foods. For some people, dairy products may contribute to breakouts.

David K. Hiranaka, M.D., D.M.D., in Kailua-Kona, HI, offers aesthetic services to the Big Island, including acne prevention and scar treatment. Since 1994, his practice has provided professional skin care products, facials, microdermabrasion, and laser treatments. Call (808) 326-2040 for a consultation, or visit the website to see a full range of services.