A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye over time, which results in vision loss. Cataract surgery is the most common treatment performed in the U. S., and cataracts are the most common cause of visual impairment in older adults. If you are a smoker, over age 40, or have diabetes, you are at an increased risk for developing cataracts. Here are four tips to help prevent this eye condition.

4 Ways to Prevent Cataracts

1. Avoid Excessive Sunlight

While sunlight is natural and healthy for the body in small doses, prolonged UV exposure over time can cause cataracts to form. Wear sunglasses during sunny and cloudy days when the light is still bright. Avoid being outside at times the sun’s rays are strongest, between about 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. If you live in a sunny climate, invest in quality polarized sunglasses. Wear sun protection when on the water or doing snow sports, as reflected glare adds to potential sun damage.

2. Choose a Healthy Lifestyle 

Making healthy lifestyle choices can make a big impact on overall health and slow the development of cataracts. Consider the following:

• Stop smoking.
• Limit alcohol intake.
• Maintain a healthy body weight.
• Eat a diet rich in green and colorful vegetables, fish, and nuts (which contain Omega-3 fatty acids and anti-oxidants).
• Drink plenty of water.
• Eat low to moderate amounts of carbohydrates.

3. Be Aware of Medicine Side Effects

Many prescription medications can hasten the growth of cataracts. Review the side effects of any medicine you take with a doctor or on the company website. If you are on a medication that may increase risk, double other prevention efforts. Avoid steroid eye drops, used for dry eyes, as they are a known contributor to cataract development.

4. Have Regular Eye Exams

Cataracts in the early stages don’t always impair vision. Having an annual eye exam can alert you to development early enough to make dietary and lifestyle changes. Cataract surgery may still eventually be necessary, but early detection offers the opportunity to delay the procedure.

Cataract surgery is a common and effective treatment for cataracts once they develop. A healthy lifestyle can help slow the growth of this condition. Medical Eye Center, in Columbia, MD, offers complete eye care, including exams, treatment for glaucoma and macular degeneration, cataract surgery, and fitting for contact lenses and glasses. Call (410) 997-9900 to schedule an appointment or go to the website for a full list of medical services.