Vision issues are often one of the first noticeable symptoms of multiple sclerosis. And while their sudden appearance may be scary, they are often treatable by an eye doctor. The guide below takes a closer look at this condition and its effect on the optic nerve.

An Introduction to MS

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system in which the protective sheaths that cover the nerves gradually erode. The condition commonly affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves in the eyes. Essentially, the body's immune system attacks the nerves and interferes with their ability to send and receive messages from the brain. The exact cause of MS is not known, and no cure is currently available. Symptoms of MS can range in severity from one patient to the next; some people may have little or no symptoms most of their lives, while others may quickly become disabled.

Vision Problems & MS

Because MS often impacts the optic nerve, there are a few different vision problems that can result. Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve. Symptoms usually affect one eye, creating pain with eye movement, blurry or dimmed vision, loss of color vision, or total vision loss. In most cases of MS-associated vision loss, sight eventually returns.

Nystagmus is a rapid, involuntary jerking of the eyes. In MS patients, it may be caused by damage to the nerves of the cerebellum or brainstem. Symptoms include an inability to keep the eyes still, reduced vision, and problems with depth perception.

Diplopia is another term for double vision in which each eye's image of a single object cannot be merged into one cohesive whole. Nerves control the movement of the eye muscles, and as these nerves become damaged by MS, the muscles cannot coordinate properly and can start to weaken, causing diplopia.

Treatment

The exact course of treatment for MS-related eye problems depends on the vision condition itself. An eye doctor will determine the cause of the trouble and prescribe an appropriate treatment plan. High doses of glucocorticoids often alleviate optic neuritis. Certain medications like gabapentin can sometimes improve nystagmus. Corticosteroids, an eye patch, or special glasses prescribed by an eye doctor may be recommended for those with diplopia.

Always take any vision changes seriously, and see an eye doctor as soon as possible. Kenneth Houchin, MD, treats eye problems resulting from MS, strokes, brain tumors, and other neurological issues. For over 30 years, he has been serving Las Vegas and Elko, NV. From routine preventative exams to specialized eye care, Dr. Houchin and his team are here for you. Call (702) 718-2020 to schedule an appointment.