Melanoma, a form of skin cancer, is an issue many people face. Like most cancers, it develops in stages, and melanoma treatment can vary based on the progression. It’s important to understand these stages to ensure you seek assistance for a concerning bump or skin spot—being proactive can dramatically improve your health. Here is a closer look at the stages as well as the treatment options for each.

Stages of Melanoma

Stage 0

During this initial stage, melanoma cells are detected on the outer layer of the skin. They’re less likely to spread to other areas, making the issue highly treatable. A dermatologist or surgeon will remove the affected area and monitor the nearby skin to ensure all problem cells have been eliminated.

Stage I

Stage I melanoma treatment involves removing the site of the cancer cells and the skin around it. The amount removed depends on the size and location of the melanoma. If it’s located near a lymph node, the surgeon will remove the node to ensure the cancer can’t spread throughout the body.

Stage II

Stage II is similar to stage I, though the melanoma treatment plan requires more extensive surgery since it’s moved deeper into the skin. There’s also a higher risk of cells spreading if they’re near a lymph node. Again, local lymph nodes may be removed.

Stage III

In Stage III, the cancer cells have already reached the lymph nodes and begun to spread throughout the body. Once the nodes and melanoma are removed, the dermatologist may recommend radiation therapy to prevent it from coming back. They may also use injections under the skin to achieve similar results.

Stage IV

In stage IV, the cancer cells have spread throughout the body to the organs, bones, distant lymph nodes, and soft tissue. There are several subsets: M1a, where the cancer has spread to distant skin; M1b, where it has spread to the lungs; M1c, where it has spread to anywhere other than the central nervous system; and M1d, where it has spread to the brain, spinal chord, and other areas of the central nervous system.

Treatment

A number of treatment options are available alongside surgical removal. An oncologist and dermatologist may recommend immunotherapy, radiation therapy, or target therapy. Chemotherapy is also an option with Stage IV. They may also recommend exploring clinical trials to try newer treatments that are still in testing. Check your skin regularly and schedule recurring melanoma tests so any problems can be caught early.

Since 1996, Asheboro Dermatology & Skin Surgery Center has provided melanoma treatment and other skin care services to residents of Asheboro, NC. Led by Dr. Todd Williams, the staff uses a number of treatment options, including MOHS surgery, for the most precise care and personalized approach to treating each patient. Call (336) 625-8410 to schedule an exam. Visit their website to learn more about their services.