Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis are conditions that both affect the menstrual cycle and can cause infertility. Given their similarities, they’re often confused, especially since it’s possible to have both at once. While your gynecologist will provide diagnosis, explain their effects, and offer effective treatments, the information below will help you understand the differences. 

What You Should Know About PCOS & Endometriosis 

What Is PCOS?

Polycystic ovary syndrome is caused by an imbalance of hormones in the body. People with PCOS have unusually high levels of androgens, or male hormones. This disorder can cause irregular menstrual cycles, abnormal hair growth, acne, weight gain, and darkening of the skin on the neck, groin, and under the breasts. PCOS is also strongly associated with insulin resistance, which can lead to diabetes. Gynecologists treat this condition with hormonal birth control to help regulate periods, androgen blockers, and prescription medication such as metformin to treat insulin resistance and help balance blood sugar.

What Is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis happens when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows on other internal organs, typically around the pelvic area. This can be caused by genetics, immune system disorders, and physical displacement of tissue from the uterus, either during surgery or because of misdirected menstrual flow. The most common sign of endometriosis is pain in the lower abdomen, back, pelvic area, and intestines. The level of discomfort will typically be much more intense than ordinary cramps, and can be debilitating. Abnormally heavy menstrual flow, spotting between periods, and digestive issues are also symptoms. The condition can cause temporary infertility, though in some women this may be permanent. Treatment options from your gynecologist include hormonal birth control for relief of mild symptoms, or surgery to remove the abnormal tissue.

If you're experiencing irregular periods or other symptoms of these health conditions, visit Thameside ObGyn Centre in Groton, CT. This modern facility serves New London County patients with knowledgeable, caring staff and the latest diagnostic and treatment technology. Their skilled gynecologists even provide minimally invasive robotic surgery. To schedule an appointment, call (860) 445-5107. Learn more about their practice online.