Your home’s foundation is a critical support system. When damage occurs, this can affect the structural stability of your house. The soil beneath or around the foundation plays an essential role in determining how it will be built. Below is a guide of the various types of earth and how they affect the strength of your home.

4 Types of Soil & Their Effects

1. Clay

Clay soil is composed of tiny particles that expand when moist and shrink when dry. Although rich in nutrients that will keep your landscaping well hydrated, this type of earth can cause problems for your foundation. During periods of heavy rainfall, clay will absorb vast quantities of water, which can exert pressure on walls and cause them to push inward. Likewise, when the clay is too dry, it can crack and shift the position of your home. Your contractor will make recommendations, such as installing a drainage system or creating a graded slope to direct water away. 

2. Silt

Silt is a granular type of soil composed of small particles that can retain water for long periods. This can result in poor drainage. As the soil expands, it will apply pressure to the foundation and eventually weaken it. Contractors may recommend replacing this with different options, such as loam, a dry, crumbly soil that provides a better balance of drainage and stability. They can also underpin the foundation, or extend it deeper so that it can reach a more stable material. 

3. Sand

Sand has the largest particles among all of the soil foundation types. Due to its large openings, it drains rather than retaining moisture. However, sand erodes easily, which could cause the foundation to shift. Impurities in the sand can also eat away at concrete, causing cracks. Your contractor may suggest replacing some of this substrate with rocks or other sturdier materials. 

4. Rock

Rock materials such as limestone, sandstone, and shale, can support heavy loads, making them a desirable soil material for a home’s foundation. The rock must be leveled to ensure effective stability. If for some reason the rock is irregular, your professional can use injection grouting to make it even. 

If you’re experiencing any problems with your home’s foundation, seek professional repair. Residents in Stuarts Draft, VA, and surrounding areas, turn to the experts at H.C. Eavers & Sons Excavating for quality residential and commercial foundation services. For over 50 years, this family-owned excavating company has provided everything from land clearing and site grading to septic installation and mulch hauling. Give them a call today at (540) 337-1286 to speak with a professional or visit the website for more information about their services.