Being on top of your car care means knowing about the slightly more obscure elements of your vehicle. Beyond the engine, transmission, and brakes, an important, but overlooked, aspect of cars is known as the differential. Here is a rundown of everything you should know about this part of your vehicle.

What Does the Differential Do?

Technically, a differential is a drivetrain system that links two axles in a vehicle, regulating the speeds of each. In layman’s terms, the differential is the mechanism that lets parallel wheels circulate at different speeds. That “differential” ability is ultimately what allows a vehicle to turn — the outside wheel has to turn more revolutions faster than the inner wheel to move the car. 

What Are Its Different Categories?

There are three varieties of differentials individuals interested in car care should know about. An “open differential” distributes torque into two different wheels, allowing them to rotate at different speeds, as discussed above. A limited-slip differential is necessary when a wheel slips to compensate for that loss of traction. It’s most commonly found in sports cars. There’s also a locking differential that comes into play if the vehicle, generally a truck, is stuck in mud or snow. The differential shifts the torque to the wheel that has superior traction, allowing the vehicle to get out of the jam faster. 

How Do You Maintain It?

The key car care practice to know when it comes to your vehicle’s differential is replacing the oil. What’s crucial to note is that it’s a different oil than your regular old motor oil — that goes under the hood for your engine. The differential is positioned underneath your vehicle in the back. Due to that complex positioning, it’s wise to enlist a mechanic to help you with the refill. For the exact timeline, consult your owner’s manual, though the average tends to be about 40,000 miles between flushes. Without that replenishment, you may find it difficult to turn, or you very well may find yourself stuck in the mud more frequently. 

If you suspect there’s a problem with your vehicle’s differential, head over to the car care experts at Privitt Auto Service Center in Columbia, MO. Serving the community since 1963, the professionals work with both foreign and domestic vehicles. You can discuss your specific concern about the differential by calling (573) 449-7941. Learn more about the auto shop’s car repair services by visiting their website.