From the mild discomfort of sunburns to the serious implications of skin cancer, the sun can have many effects on the skin; however, the eyes can also be impacted by the sun's ultraviolet rays, which is why proper eye care and protection are essential. Below are some possible effects of sunlight on the eyes along with a few eye care tips to decrease the likelihood of any issues.

Short-Term Effects

Photoconjunctivitis and photokeratitis are two eye problems caused by exposure to UV radiation. They can result from either looking directly at the sun or at surfaces on which the sun is brightly reflected, like snow, sand, or pavement. Photoconjunctivitis is an inflammation of the mucus membrane that covers the eyeball and the inside of the eyelid, while photokeratitis is an inflammation of the cornea. Their symptoms are similar, usually appearing immediately or shortly after exposure. Both conditions include a gritty or sandy feeling in the eye, pain when looking at bright lights, and blurred vision.

Long-Term Effects

Much of the eye damage that stems from the sun happens gradually over time. For example, the sun can cause the lens of the eye to slowly cloud over, resulting in cataracts. The symptoms of cataracts include blurred vision and seeing halos around lights. Pterygium, or "surfer's eye," occurs mainly in people who spend extended periods in the sun; it is a fleshy overgrowth on the surface of the eye that usually starts in the corner nearest the nose. UV rays can cause macular degeneration, a slow and progressive central vision loss; shadowy, fuzzy, or distorted central vision are all early warning signs. Cancers of the skin around the eyes, usually first visible in moles or patches of discolored skin, as well as cancers of the eye, are also potential concerns.

Eye Care & Protection

Both adults and children must practice good eye care habits to stay safe from the sun. Sunglasses should always be worn when going outdoors. Because kids often spend more time outside than adults, children should also wear wide-brimmed or wide-billed hats that add an extra layer of protection. Be sure to schedule regular exams with an eye doctor so that every member of the family can stay on top of their eye health.

Understanding the connection between sun exposure and the eyes is the first step to protecting yourself and your loved ones. For eye-related concerns or routine care, trust Lieblong Eye Clinic in Russellville, AR. Since 1979, their team of eye care professionals has served the River Valley region. From exams and eye disease treatment to glasses and contact lenses, they are here for your family. Call (479) 968-2020 or visit their website to schedule an eye exam today.