Tooth enamel is the hardest surface in the human body. But that doesn’t mean it’s immune to damage. This strong protective shell protects teeth from impact from chewing and biting and insulates the sensitive inner layers from hot and cold temperatures. Over time, due to a variety of factors, enamel can erode, resulting in health and cosmetic dentistry issues such as sensitivity, discoloration, and increased risk of cavities. 

What Are the Symptoms of Erosion?

One telltale sign of enamel erosion is increased sensitivity. Many people experience pain when consuming hot or cold foods and liquids and when brushing. Teeth may also appear discolored or transparent around the edges. Additionally, you may notice cracks in your teeth; these require cosmetic dentistry treatments to fix.

What Causes Enamel Erosion?

Food & Drink 

Fruit drinks, alcohol, and soft drinks contain high amounts of acid and sugar that can damage the tooth enamel. Acidic citrus fruits, such as lemons and grapefruits, and tomato paste can cause similar damage. Likewise, sugary, starchy foods feed the acids in the mouth, producing more harmful bacteria that can erode teeth.

Certain Medications 

Some medications can cause dry mouth, which diminishes saliva production. Saliva helps wash the mouth and prevents acids from binding to the enamel. Medications that cause dry mouth include aspirin and antihistamines, decongestants, sedatives, antidepressants, diuretics, and pain medicines. If you’re taking these medications, you may need to drink more water to compensate and stay hydrated.

Environmental Factors 

Enamel, like most body parts, wears down with age. However, other environmental stressors can speed up the process. Clenching and grinding teeth, also known as bruxism, can cause premature wear and tear. Other factors that promote erosion include excessive alcohol consumption, gastrointestinal issues such as acid reflux or frequent vomiting, and chewing tobacco. 

How to Prevent Erosion

By limiting your intake of acidic and sugary foods and avoiding smoking and chewing tobacco, you can reduce the risk of enamel erosion. If you have trouble with bruxism, ask your dentist about wearing a night guard. If your teeth are discolored or otherwise damaged as a result of erosion, cosmetic dentistry treatments, such as teeth whitening or veneers, will help. 

Brian Perelmuter, DMD, P.C. provides comprehensive family, restorative, and cosmetic dentistry in Naugatuck, CT. If you’re a New Haven County resident, turn to these trusted professionals for all of your oral health needs, from routine cleanings to night guards and crowns. Call (203) 729-3323 to schedule an appointment or visit the website to learn more about how they can help you and your family.