Contraceptives come in a variety of forms, all of which are designed to prevent pregnancy. Some also protect against sexually transmitted diseases, or STDs, and help regulate menstrual periods. Use this list as a starting point for making an informed decision before scheduling a visit with your gynecologist. A women’s health expert will help you choose the right contraceptive for your reproductive needs.

What Types of Contraceptives Are There?

1. Condoms

Condoms are the only form of barrier contraception providing the most protection against STDs. Made of either latex or lambskin, male condoms cover the penis to prevent semen from entering the vagina. They are 98 to 99% effective. Female condoms are 95% effective and fit inside the vagina to catch semen. There is a lower chance of female condoms breaking, and they can be inserted up to eight hours before sexual intercourse.

2. IUD

IUDs, or intrauterine devices, are small, T-shaped pieces of plastic or copper placed inside the uterus. Plastic IUDs typically include hormones that either thicken cervical mucus or prevent ovulation to stop egg fertilization. Thicker cervical mucus acts as a barrier between sperm and eggs. Copper IUDs do not use hormones, but the metal is repulsive to sperm. IUDs last anywhere from three to 12 years and are 99% effective. They do not protect against STDs.

3. Oral Contraceptives

More commonly known as “the pill,” oral contraceptives are hormone-based medications that stop ovulation and thicken cervical mucus to prevent fertilization. Pills must be taken on a schedule to work effectively and do not protect against STDs. They are 91% effective at preventing pregnancy and offer other health benefits, such as lighter periods and menstrual cramp relief.

4. Injection

Injectable hormone treatments are available from your gynecologist. They last up to three months and also must be taken on a set schedule. Like oral contraceptives and IUDs, injections stop ovulation and thicken cervical mucus. They are 94% effective and provide no STD protection.

5. Implant

The thin, small rods known as contraceptive implants are placed under the arm by a gynecologist to provide the same effects as injections, IUDs, and pills. They last up to five years but cannot protect you from STDs. Implants are 99% effective.

Which contraceptive is right for you? Discuss these options with one of the experienced gynecologists at South Baldwin Obstetrics & Gynecology, PC to take charge of your unique reproductive health. Proudly serving Baldwin County, AL, for over 30 years, these gynecologists are known for their unwavering dedication to customized personal care and answering patient questions in detail. Call (251) 943-2141 today to schedule an appointment or learn more about women’s health services online. Get more family planning and wellness tips on Facebook.