As a car owner, you need to protect your investment and personal safety by keeping up with your transmission maintenance. Routine maintenance goes beyond replenishing oil levels and rotating tires. Your differentials, or rear axle system, require regular upkeep so the wheels move independently and efficiently. If you don’t know much about your car’s differentials, take a look at this beginner’s guide.

A Beginner’s Guide to Auto Differentials

What Is a Differential?

The differential is the final drive section of the powertrain—it transfers energy from the transmission to the wheels, allowing them to move around turns without restriction from the inner and outer wheels. It’s comprised of three gear sets: the ring and pinion, the spider, and the side gear set, completing the power flow to the wheels that propels the vehicle. 

How Often Should I Service the Differential?

To keep your differential running smoothly and quiet, most manufacturers recommend servicing the differential every 30,000 to 60,000 miles. However, this may vary depending on your vehicle and its duties, so it’s best to check with your mechanic.

Differential fluid prevents metal-on-metal friction, which may eventually weaken the gears and lead to failure. As the gears in the differential loosen, the car may sustain premature damage. Be aware of unusual sounds coming from the differential, usually in the form of whining or rumbling  near the axle. Also take note of how the car feels as you drive. Does the car feel slower or as though you’re driving on lower tires? Lastly, look for leaks. The differential unit only holds 2.5 quarts of oil, so even a drop a day will quickly diminish the supply.

Do Front-Wheel Drive Automatic Transmissions Have Differentials?

Yes, but most are incorporated into the transmission unit and often don’t require separate servicing. As always, it’s best to speak with a professional mechanic about how often you need to service the vehicle.

Keep your car running smoothly for years to come by scheduling routine maintenance. Finding transmission service in Waipio, HI, is as easy as getting in touch with Pearl City Transmission. The ASE- and ATRA-certified technicians are well-versed in everything from minor differential repair to complete overhauls. Prioritizing customer safety, they also provide towing services for drivers who find themselves in sticky roadside situations. For more help, reach out  online or by phone at (808) 671-8767.