Winter is tough on your health. But did you know it also affects your beloved pet? According to a veterinarian from the Cat & Dog Hospital of Columbia in Maryland, your animal companions are more susceptible to illnesses in the cold season because they get less exercise and are confined more frequently in enclosed spaces.

Here are some common illnesses your dog or cat may encounter:

• Canine Influenza: More commonly known as dog flu, this viral infection is highly contagious. The virus can be spread directly through respiratory secretions brought about by barking, coughing, or sneezing, and indirectly through objects that have been in contact with an infected animal. Symptoms include coughing, nasal discharge, sneezing, and lethargy. A vaccine is available for canine influenza, but it is only recommended for those who are at risk of exposure, not for every dog. Consult your veterinarian before having it administered.  

• Kennel Cough: Also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, this illness is common in places where a significant number of dogs congregate. Its mode of transmission is similar to the dog flu, and it is just as contagious. Symptoms include coughing, sneezing, runny nose, loss of appetite, and fever. There is a vaccine available for the bordetella bacterium, which is the most common culprit for this illness, and it is available in oral, intranasal, and injectable forms.

• Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis: This upper respiratory infection is caused by the feline herpesvirus 1. Some infected cats may act as carriers without displaying any of the symptoms, which include sneezing, watery nasal discharge, lack of appetite, fever, and general discomfort. Feline viral rhinotracheitis is common in households with multiple cats or kennels. The standard vaccine should protect your cat against it, but a booster is required on a regular basis.

If you notice any of the symptoms mentioned above, bring your animal to a veterinarian immediately. Cat & Dog Hospital of Columbia is a pet clinic with more than 30 years of experience providing services such as dog and cat boarding, spaying, neutering, and administering pet vaccinations. Call (410) 995-6880, or visit their website for more information.