Swollen and bleeding gums are early signs that your gums are infected with bacteria. Many people think this is normal if their gums bleed when they brush or floss. In a 1999 study, researchers at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) found that half of Americans over 30 had bleeding gums.

 If nothing is done, the infection can spread and destroy the structures that support your teeth in your jawbone. Eventually, your teeth can become so loose that they have to be extracted.

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease that affects the soft and hard structures that support the teeth. In its early stage, called gingivitis, the gums become swollen and red due to inflammation, which is the body's natural response to the presence of harmful bacteria.

In addition to the signs and symptoms of gingivitis, periodontal disease symptoms include: Any of these symptoms may be a sign of a serious problem, which should be checked by a dentist:

• A bad taste in your mouth and persistent bad breath.
• Gums that pull away from the teeth or receding gums.
• Loose teeth or a change in the way your teeth feel when you bite or chew.
• Sore or tender gums or pus around the gumline.

At your dental visit with hygienist should:

• Ask about your medical history to identify underlying conditions or risk factors (such as smoking) that may contribute to gum disease.
• Examine your gums and note any signs of inflammation.
• Use a tiny ruler called a “probe” to check for and measure any pockets. In a healthy mouth, the depth of these pockets is usually between 1 and 3 millimeters.
• We will also take an x-ray to see whether there is any bone loss. We may refer you to a periodontist. (Periodontists are experts in the diagnosis and treatment of gum disease and may provide you with other treatment options.

Keep your gums healthy?

• Brush your teeth twice a day (with a fluoride toothpaste).
• Floss regularly to remove plaque from between teeth. Or use a device such as a special brush or wooden/plastic pick recommended by the dental hygienist.
• Visit the dentist routinely for a check-up and professional cleaning.

The main goal of treatment is to control the infection. The number and types of treatment will vary, depending on the extent of the gum disease. Any type of treatment requires that the patient keep up good daily care at home. Dr Chang may also suggest changing certain behaviors, such as quitting smoking, as a way to improve treatment outcome.

Look to Dentaworks Hawaii for the family dentistry services you need. With over 30 years of experience, you can trust in their abilities to uphold your oral health. Schedule an appointment with this Honolulu clinic by calling (808) 528-1200 today. You can also learn more about their offerings online.